We asked Sara Bareilles to imagine what President Obama might be thinking about this election and Donald Trump. She wrote this song, which Leslie Odom Jr. sings.
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| Is this the best we can be? |
Monday, October 31, 2016
Why? Is this the best we can be? Seriously!
This American Life
Saturday, October 29, 2016
As a student, how did British Columbia Education Minister Bernier answer these questions for Grade VI - VII Form A?
In amongst the domain of Education Minister Mike Bernier, there is the lost hard drive containing 3 million students personal data, ..... including his results from Grade Six and Seven.
germ killing power alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, iodine, mercurochrome, sodium carbonate
14. (Distracted Driving - Text Messaging) not included
Six pages
********************
Example:
To which of the following should we go to have an operation?
(1) A neighbour's house
(2) First-aid station
(3) Hospital
(4) Opera House
(5) Sanatorium
Answer (3)
********************
When we need to have our teeth fixed we go to a:
(1) Dentist
(2) Doctor
(3) Healer
(4) Minister
(5) Oculist
Answer (1)
********************
In this example, a '1' has been put in the parentheses because Dentist is the most sensible answer, and Dentist is answer number 1.
********************
vaccination prevents colds, diphtheria, measles, scarlet fever, smallpox14. (Distracted Driving - Text Messaging) not included
********************
What Is Beriberi?
Beriberi is a disease caused by a vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency. There are two types of the disease: wet beriberi and dry beriberi. Wet beriberi affects the heart and circulatory system. In extreme cases, wet beriberi can cause heart failure. Dry beriberi damages the nerves and can lead to a loss of muscle strength and eventually, muscle paralysis. Beriberi can be life-threatening if it isn’t treated.
*************************
Partial List of Miscellaneous Books ... Which May Be Ordered Through the Text-Book Branch, Victoria, B.C
| 1966-67 | ||
| 1965-66 | ||
| 1964-65 | ||
| 1963-64 | ||
| 1962-63 | ||
| 1961-62 | ||
| 1960-61 | ||
| 1959-60 | ||
| 1958-59 | ||
| 1957-58 | ||
| 1955-56 | ||
| 1954-55 | ||
| 1953-54 | ||
| 1952-53 | ||
| 1949-50 | ||
| 1948-49 | ||
| 1947-48 | ||
| 1946-47 |
Saturday, October 22, 2016
Oil tankers and barges are double hull; Escort Tugs Single Hull!!! Bella Bella in Shock BOOM, SNAPPED!! Kinder Morgan Oil
The Gazetteer
This Saturday In Clarkland... Breaking Booms And Spreading Oil Is NOT A World Class Spill Response.
'Nathan E. Stewart' is aka 'Ludwig E.'
Seaspan is not on the rocks near Bella Bella above but Seaspan is a major player in the waters of British Columbia, especially in Burrard Inlet where Kinder Morgan wants to expand their double tracking of oil pipelines to the coast.
ONE of the FIVE conditions that Christy Clark said would have to be reconciled before she would give the green light to oil exports out of Burrard Inlet, LNG out of Howe Sound, LNG/OIL out of Kitimat via Douglas Channel, and Prince Rupert, is by having a world class spill response team.
They have totally ignored the fact ..... that the tugs have a single hull.
Seaspan: 1970/1980's 'modern' fleet of tugs without double hulls.
Ass backwards planning in calm waters while they wait for storm conditions to appear... and they have.
Robert Allan LNG propelled Tug
BC Ferries Spirit Class conversion to LNG will take 2500 vehicles off the road per year to reduce CO2 by 12,000 tons annually... which begs the question:
Haven't they already achieved that goal by eliminating ferry routes and sailing times per day/week?
This Saturday In Clarkland... Breaking Booms And Spreading Oil Is NOT A World Class Spill Response.
UPDATE Ingmar Lee: "Friends. Currently, the NYC-registered pusher-tug, Nathan E Stewart and its 10,000-capacity barge are moored at Burnaby Mountain, - at the Kinder Morgan terminal, where it is loading up for its voyage north. The barge/tug combo was anchored near 2nd Narrows for the past few days, and has now moved to the terminal. I expect it to head north soon. ......"
"This "pusher tug/barge combo" (the tug fits into a deep notch built into the stern of the tanker, from where it pushes the barge along) departs loaded several times a month, from either Everett, or Anacortes Washington,or Burnaby Mountain, Vancouver, and then heads up through Georgia Strait, often through Sabine Channel, through Johnstone Strait, Fitz Hugh, right past Bella Bella, and on up to Alaska. ...."
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| https://spaces.hightail.com/space/DHMF4 |
'Nathan E. Stewart' is aka 'Ludwig E.'
The tug was named for a K-Sea Transportation Partnership employee. Who was Mate onboard the tug Davis Sea, who was killed on the job.
***************************
Seaspan is not on the rocks near Bella Bella above but Seaspan is a major player in the waters of British Columbia, especially in Burrard Inlet where Kinder Morgan wants to expand their double tracking of oil pipelines to the coast.
ONE of the FIVE conditions that Christy Clark said would have to be reconciled before she would give the green light to oil exports out of Burrard Inlet, LNG out of Howe Sound, LNG/OIL out of Kitimat via Douglas Channel, and Prince Rupert, is by having a world class spill response team.
They have totally ignored the fact ..... that the tugs have a single hull.
Seaspan: 1970/1980's 'modern' fleet of tugs without double hulls.
**************************
Ass backwards planning in calm waters while they wait for storm conditions to appear... and they have.
Once the tug’s fuel tanks are emptied, there are plans to lift it from the water by crane and carry it on a barge from the area.
***********************************
Robert Allan LNG propelled Tug
*************************
BC Ferries Spirit Class conversion to LNG will take 2500 vehicles off the road per year to reduce CO2 by 12,000 tons annually... which begs the question:
Haven't they already achieved that goal by eliminating ferry routes and sailing times per day/week?
In 2016 basing on RMDC concept design renowned Canadian operator BC Ferries awarded Remontowa Shiprepair Yard with mid-life upgrades contract for Spirit Class Ferries. “Spirit of British Columbia” (built in 1993) and “Spirit of Vancouver Island” (built in 1994) will be converted to operate on liquefied natural gas (LNG). In addition safety systems will be upgraded, the passenger areas will receive an interior design refresh. Renewal of navigation equipment, propulsion equipment components including rudders, steering systems, bow thrusters and propeller blades will be carried out. Energy consumption will be reduced by installation of LED lighting and more efficient HVAC system. RMDC will provide complete basic and detail design as well as design supervision during conversion. Complete design is to be prepared before conversion works start (planned for third quarter 2017 – first vessel and 2018- second one) to shortened conversion time in consequence ferries out of service time. Utilizing LNG to fuel the vessels, according to Owners’ calculations they expect to reduce CO2 emissions by 12,000 tons annually, the equivalent of taking approx. 2500 vehicles off the road per year. Both vessels service Tsawwassen – Swartz Bay run in British Columbia Province, the busiest route in the fleet.
Saturday, October 15, 2016
Friday, October 14, 2016
Its a dark and stormy night: October 15 2016 Forecasting GALE, RPDLY INTSFYG, DVLPG HURCN FORCE
The term "Gale" refers to extratropical lows or an area with maximum sustained winds averaged over a ten minute period, momentary gusts may be higher ranging from 34 knot (39 mph) to 47 knots (54 mph). A "Storm" refers to an extratropical low or an area with winds sustained over a ten minute period, momentary gusts may be higher of 48 knots (55 mph) to 63 knots(73 mph) . Hurricane Force refers to a extratropical low or an area of sustained winds (averaged over a ten minute period, momentary gusts may be higher) in excess of 64 knots or higher(74 mph).
updated link 2022-08-29 Pacific Graphical Forecasts
 |
| http://www.opc.ncep.noaa.gov/P_e_sfc_color.png |
 |
| The same as above but ......Satellite |
October 15, 2016 18:30
HURNCN FORCE reduced to STORM
October 15, 2016 23:20
Google Search criteria:
Ocean Prediction Center www.opc.ncep.noaa.gov NWS/NCEP
Bella Bella Tug Sunk 'incident' MIGHT, probably WON'T be, included in Emergency Management BC Stats 2017 Election year
CBC
Coincidentally, the very next day, the BC Government produces the Annual Operational Statistical Summary 2015/2016 ..... all the way back to 1998
A new category might be how many marine incidents were cleaned up to the standards of being the BEST IN THE WORLD
Mine incident, is that the same category as a Tailing Pond Dam incident. Recorded once or twice or half
Air Crash Zero??? A light plane crashing, with lives lost, on the doorstep of YVR is not recorded.
Yes, but in 2010/2011
Dam Incident Zero??? Mount Polley happened in 2012/2013 which included THREE others
Terrorism One hit 2014/2015 ... now would that be the case where the RCMP used excessive resource$$$ to get a conviction which was thrown out by a judge? John Nuttall and Amanda Korody
Provincial Emergency Program Emergency Coordination Centre: Yearly Operational Statistical Summary From..
Yes Martha, the use of one word TWICE in the title .. eg. 'Emergency Program Emergency' means THIS IS IMPORTANT info
April 1, 2015 to March 31, 2016
Clam beds at risk after sinking tug spills fuel near Bella Bella, says local First Nation
Coincidentally, the very next day, the BC Government produces the Annual Operational Statistical Summary 2015/2016 ..... all the way back to 1998
A new category might be how many marine incidents were cleaned up to the standards of being the BEST IN THE WORLD
Mine incident, is that the same category as a Tailing Pond Dam incident. Recorded once or twice or half
Air Crash Zero??? A light plane crashing, with lives lost, on the doorstep of YVR is not recorded.
Yes, but in 2010/2011
Dam Incident Zero??? Mount Polley happened in 2012/2013 which included THREE others
Terrorism One hit 2014/2015 ... now would that be the case where the RCMP used excessive resource$$$ to get a conviction which was thrown out by a judge? John Nuttall and Amanda Korody
 |
| Column Titles???? Code without an explanation VIR ...... SWE ..... CTL ..... SEA ... NEA .... NWE ... HQ .... Haida Gwaii??? Total |
Yes Martha, the use of one word TWICE in the title .. eg. 'Emergency Program Emergency' means THIS IS IMPORTANT info
April 1, 2015 to March 31, 2016
Tuesday, October 11, 2016
Brian Bonney Condition: Must not communicate with certain individuals but those same individuals can talk to each other, eh
Sunday, October 2, 2016
BC Hydro stopped the Steamboat races on the Peace River by building the W.A.C. Bennett Dam. Damn
Why drive the car, why ride the bus, why fly to our destinations?
Why not ride the horse or the stage coach; canoe or steamboat, ... walk?
Steamboating on the Fraser River in the sixties 1860's
Search PDF for 'Steamboat'
Page 5 of 94
Another source
1910 New British Columbia - the Undeveloped Areas of the Great Central and Northern Interior
Page 15 of 96
Peace River Routes.
There are several routes by which the Peace River country may be reached, of which the following are the most feasible:
Route No. 1
Ashcroft to Soda Creek (stage) 163 Miles
Soda Creek to Fort George (steamboat) 155 Miles
Fort George to Giscome Portage (steamboat) 41 Miles
Giscome Portage to Summit Lake (waggon-road) 8 Miles
Summit Lake (via Crooked River) to McLeod (canoe) 70 Miles
McLeod to mouth of Parsnip River (canoe) 89 Miles
Mouth of Parsnip to Canyon (canoe) 75 Miles
Canyon Portage (trail) 11 Miles
Canyon to Fort St. John (canoe) 38 Miles
650 Miles
Route No. 2
Ashcroft to Soda Creek (stage) 163 Miles
Soda Creek to Fort George (steamboat) 155 Miles
Fort George to Fort St. James (steamboat) 139 Miles
Fort St. James to Fort McCleod (waggon-road) 90 Miles
McCleod to mouth of Parsnip River Canyon (canoe) 75 Miles
Mouth of Parsnip to Peace River Canyon (canoe) 75 Miles
Portage (trail) 11 Miles
Canyon to Fort St. John (canoe) 38 Miles
760 Miles
Route No. 3
The Hudson's Bay Company have taken full advantage of water carriage, and their present route is probably the best those entering the country from the coast. From Hazelton (the head of steamboat navigation) that route is as follows:
Hazelton to Babine Lake (trail) 65 Miles
Down Babine and Stuart Lakes to Fort St. James (canoe) 150 Miles
St. James to McLeod (waggon-road) 90 Miles
McLeod to mouth of Parsnip (canoe) 120 Miles
Mouth of Parsnip to Canyon (canoe) 70 Miles
Over Canyon Portage (trail) 15 Miles
Canyon to St. John (canoe) 70 Miles
580 Miles
This totals 170 miles of trail and waggon-road and 410 miles by water. A variation of the route can be made by following the Telegraph Trail from Hazelton to Fort Fraser and thence via Fort St. James as above. This passes through the Bulkley country and affords an opportunity for observing that and other agricultural areas found en route.
Still another route to St. John is found by following the last-mentioned route to McLeod, and then taking a trail along the Misinchinca River over the Pine River Pass, and then along South Pine River to the headwaters of Moberly River, following that river to the lake of the same name, and thence to Old Hudson's Hope, on the south bank of the Peace. Very little, however, is known of this trail, and outside prospecting for minerals, it is probably of very little use. (Misinchinca River)(Southern end of Williston Lake Reservoir formed by the W.A.C. Bennett Dam)
Edmonton Route
Mr. F. C. Campbell, Provincial Government Agent at Fort St. John, favours the route by way of Edmonton, Alberta, as being the best under existing conditions. The distance and mean of travel are:
Edmonton to Athabasca Landing (waggon-road)
100 Miles
Athabasca Landing to Mirror Landing, confluence of Lesser Slave River (waggon-road) 74 Miles
Mirror Landing to Salteaux Landing, twenty miles up Lesser Slave River (waggon-road) 20 Miles
Salteaux Landing to Peace River Crossing (waggon-road) 100 Miles
Peace River Crossing to Fort St. John (steamer) 185 Miles
590 Miles
Passenger and Freight Rates
Edmonton to Athabasca Landing.
Stage leaves Edmonton every Tuesday and Friday morning at eight o'clock, winter and summer. Fare $8.00. Freight rate $1.00 per cwt.
Athabasca Landing to Lesser Slave Lake.
Summer
Steamer leaves the landing every Tuesday. Fare $16.00. Freight rate $2.00 per cwt.
Winter Commencing in December freighters' teams leave the H. B. Co's stores at Athabasca Landing every few days. Passenger transportation can be arranged with freighters at from $10.00 to $20.00. Freights rate $2.50 per cwt.
Lesser Slave Lake to Peace River Landing
(About 80 miles)
Freighter's teams leave early nearly every day. Passenger transportation over this stretch can be arranged for with the freighters at from $8.00 to $20.00 according to the mode of travel. Freight rate $2.00 per cwt.
Peace River Landing to Dunvegan
(About 75 miles)
Summer H. B. Co.'s steamer leaves landing about 8th of June, 12 July, and 16th August. Passenger fare $10.00 Freight rate $1.00 per cwt. Here there is no regular means of transport other than the above, but teams can be procured at the landing at all times and travel over a fairly good road. The Spirit River and Grand Prairie Settlement south from Dunvegan can be reached winter and summer by means of transport teams, over a fairly satisfactory trail.
The Peace River country has been reached at different tims by other routes during the summer as well as the winter season, but at the present time the route outlined above is the only reasonbly satisfactory one, from one point or another of which all points of settlement in the Peace River District may be reached.
Page 17 of 96
Tete Jaune Cache Route:
Tete Jaune Cache may be reached from Kamloops by the following route:
Kamloops to Little Fort (waggon-road or steamboat) 60 Miles
Little Fort to Clearwater (waggon-road) 20 Miles
After leaving Clearwater the journey is made by trail, the distances from Kamloops being:
*Raft River 80 miles, good trail, usually forded
*Peavine 87 miles, good trail, grassy country
*Allingham's Ranch 95 Miles high bench, open country
Mad River 103 Miles good trail, bridge
*Round Prairie 109 Miles good trail, small meadow
Wire Cache 115 Miles good trail, thick timber
*Stillwater Flats 116 Miles, trail brushy, some sloughs
*Cottonwood Camp 126 Miles, brushy, with meadows
Little Salmon River 129 Miles, brushy, easy ford
Lone Grave 131 Miles, trail leaves the flats
*Dorr's Meadow 133 Miles, trail hilly
Hell Gate 135 1/2 Mile, trail hilly and burnt
*Sunday Camp 142 1/2 Miles, some rocky slides
*Goose Camp 150 Miles, some slough and soft spots
Blue River 152 1/2 Miles descent steep hill, ford
*Blue River and Meadows 154 1/2 Miles, soft, large meadows
*Beaver Camp 155 1/2 Miles, trail good, meadows
Thunder River 162 1/2 Miles, heavily wooded, ford
*High Bank 166 1/2 Miles, trail bushy, fairly good
*Apparrjo Camp 183 1/2 Miles, rough, boggy and woods
Cut Bank 186 Miles, trail damaged
Second Crossing, N. Thompson River 188 Miles, forded at low water only; feed one mile further on
Crossing of Albreda 195 Miles, trail boggy, ford river
*Summit Camp 204 Miles, trail good, low pass
*Beaver Camp 207 Miles, trail good, low pass
*Canoe River Crossing, 220 Miles, fordable at certain times
*Starvation Camp, 228 Miles, good trail, open valley
*Tete Jaune Cache, 236 Miles, good trail, banks of Fraser River
* At these points feed may be had for a small bank of horses
Donald Route
The following memorandum relative to the trail from Donald to Tete Jaune Cache is the "log" of a pack-train of about ten horses, the heaviest load of any one animal being 180 lbs. The packer who supplied this information considered this the most feasible and the best route into the district referred to:
Donald to Summit Lake, 18 Miles, 7 1/2 Hours
Summit Lake to Bush River, 12 Miles, 5 Hours
Bush River to Cedar River, 14 Miles, 5 Hours
Cedar River to Middle River, 16 Miles, 8 Hours
Middle River to Wood River, 28 Miles, 12 Hours
Wood River to Cripple Horse Meadows, 22 Miles, 11 Hours
Cripple Horse Meadows to Goat River, 14 Miles, 7 Hours
Goat River to Tompkin Creek, 16 Miles, 7 1/2 Hours
Tompkins Creek to the Jam, 12 Miles, 5 Hours
The Jam to Cache Creek, 14 Miles, 7 1/2 Hours
Cache Creek to Pack Saddle Meadows, 12 Miles, 6 Hours,
Pack Saddle Meadows to Tete Jaune Cache, 20 Miles, 10 Hours
198 Miles 91 1/2 Hours
Alexander Mackenzie Voyageur Route
- Bella Coola River - Fiord Canoe Route 100km
- Nuxalk - Carrier Trail 350km
Hudson's Bay Company Trails
- Anderson's Brigade - Yale to Kamloops (1848 - 1849)
- Hope to Kamloops via Tulameen (1849 - 1865) (includes Blackye's Trail) 38km
Cariboo Wagon Road
- Harrison - Lillooet Trail (1858 - 1863) 160km
- Yale to Barkerville (1863 - ?)
Yukon Telegraph Trail
- Collins Overland Telegraph - New Westminister - Kispiox (1865 - 66)
- Yukon Telegraph - New Westminister to Yukon Border (1898 - 1930s)
Governor's Trail
- Tulameen River to Whipsaw Creek and Corral Creek via Hope Pass (1862 - 1920s) 25km
Pemberton Cattle Trail
- Burrard Inlet to Pemberton via Lynn Creek 130km
Summit City Tail
- Coquihalla River to the head of waters of Dewdney Creek
Palmer's Trail
- Fort Alexandria to Bella Coola (1862)
Cape Scott Trail
- Holberg to Cape Scott
Horne Lake Trail
- Qualicum Bay to Port Alberni 25km
Semihmoo Trail
- White Rock to New Westminister 32km
West Coast Trail
- Jordon River to Bamfield
Waddington's Bute Inlet Route
- Bute Inlet to Palmer's Trail (near Puntzi Lake)
Why not ride the horse or the stage coach; canoe or steamboat, ... walk?
Steamboating on the Fraser River in the sixties 1860's
Search PDF for 'Steamboat'
Page 5 of 94
..... The prosperity of the colonies of Vancouver Island and British Columbia in the 'sixties' depended largely upon the streams of gold bullion and supplies that flowed to and from the placer mines in the Cariboo. Fraser River steamboats and connecting express lines provided the vital links between the Interior and the trading centres of the Coast.
When freight and passenger rates were high the miners and traders suffered, while the owners of the sternwheelers garnered big profits. Prosperity attracted competition, and inevitably rate-cutting would begin, until sometimes the delighted travelers found themselves carried free, with meals included. The weakest competitors would be forced into bankruptcy, or a "combination" formed, and rates would soar again.
It was an era of "combination, defamation and ruination," and the many steamboat wars of the period present, a tangled skein of unbridled competition.
ONe of the accepted perils of travel was the steamboat explosion. Boilers wre often of flimsy construction, inspections were inadequate, and ambitious captains had a lamentable habit of holding down the safety-valve when tempted to race speedier rivals. As a consequence the western rivers of North America hand an appalling record of bloody disaster.
British Columbia captains were rugged types, and they maintained a good batting average of explosions. The Caledonia was the first to go, in 1859, followed spectacularly by the Fort Yale and Cariboo in 1861. Then there was lull for ten years until the Emily Harris carried three members of her crew to a sudden demise in 1871.
The disaster were met with philosophy. The casualties were counted -- Indians and Chinese not included -- the dead were buried (if enough remains could be found), and the incident was written off as an "act of God." Explosions were considered one of the natural perils of navigation. If the timid wayfarer did not like them, he could stay at home.
-- British Columbia Historical Quarterly. Vol. X. No. 1
Another source
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| Index |
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| 1912 Page 2 of 142 |
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| Page 100 of 142 |
1910 New British Columbia - the Undeveloped Areas of the Great Central and Northern Interior
..... There is also a steamboat running on the Thompson River from Kamloops to Little Fork, sixty miles, and one on the Columbia River from Revelstoke to La Porte, forty-five miles.
Page 15 of 96
Peace River Routes.
There are several routes by which the Peace River country may be reached, of which the following are the most feasible:
Route No. 1
Ashcroft to Soda Creek (stage) 163 Miles
Soda Creek to Fort George (steamboat) 155 Miles
Fort George to Giscome Portage (steamboat) 41 Miles
Giscome Portage to Summit Lake (waggon-road) 8 Miles
Summit Lake (via Crooked River) to McLeod (canoe) 70 Miles
McLeod to mouth of Parsnip River (canoe) 89 Miles
Mouth of Parsnip to Canyon (canoe) 75 Miles
Canyon Portage (trail) 11 Miles
Canyon to Fort St. John (canoe) 38 Miles
650 Miles
Route No. 2
Ashcroft to Soda Creek (stage) 163 Miles
Soda Creek to Fort George (steamboat) 155 Miles
Fort George to Fort St. James (steamboat) 139 Miles
Fort St. James to Fort McCleod (waggon-road) 90 Miles
McCleod to mouth of Parsnip River Canyon (canoe) 75 Miles
Mouth of Parsnip to Peace River Canyon (canoe) 75 Miles
Portage (trail) 11 Miles
Canyon to Fort St. John (canoe) 38 Miles
760 Miles
Route No. 3
The Hudson's Bay Company have taken full advantage of water carriage, and their present route is probably the best those entering the country from the coast. From Hazelton (the head of steamboat navigation) that route is as follows:
Hazelton to Babine Lake (trail) 65 Miles
Down Babine and Stuart Lakes to Fort St. James (canoe) 150 Miles
St. James to McLeod (waggon-road) 90 Miles
McLeod to mouth of Parsnip (canoe) 120 Miles
Mouth of Parsnip to Canyon (canoe) 70 Miles
Over Canyon Portage (trail) 15 Miles
Canyon to St. John (canoe) 70 Miles
580 Miles
This totals 170 miles of trail and waggon-road and 410 miles by water. A variation of the route can be made by following the Telegraph Trail from Hazelton to Fort Fraser and thence via Fort St. James as above. This passes through the Bulkley country and affords an opportunity for observing that and other agricultural areas found en route.
Still another route to St. John is found by following the last-mentioned route to McLeod, and then taking a trail along the Misinchinca River over the Pine River Pass, and then along South Pine River to the headwaters of Moberly River, following that river to the lake of the same name, and thence to Old Hudson's Hope, on the south bank of the Peace. Very little, however, is known of this trail, and outside prospecting for minerals, it is probably of very little use. (Misinchinca River)(Southern end of Williston Lake Reservoir formed by the W.A.C. Bennett Dam)
Edmonton Route
Mr. F. C. Campbell, Provincial Government Agent at Fort St. John, favours the route by way of Edmonton, Alberta, as being the best under existing conditions. The distance and mean of travel are:
Edmonton to Athabasca Landing (waggon-road)
100 Miles
Athabasca Landing to Mirror Landing, confluence of Lesser Slave River (waggon-road) 74 Miles
Mirror Landing to Salteaux Landing, twenty miles up Lesser Slave River (waggon-road) 20 Miles
Salteaux Landing to Peace River Crossing (waggon-road) 100 Miles
Peace River Crossing to Fort St. John (steamer) 185 Miles
590 Miles
Passenger and Freight Rates
Edmonton to Athabasca Landing.
Stage leaves Edmonton every Tuesday and Friday morning at eight o'clock, winter and summer. Fare $8.00. Freight rate $1.00 per cwt.
Athabasca Landing to Lesser Slave Lake.
Summer
Steamer leaves the landing every Tuesday. Fare $16.00. Freight rate $2.00 per cwt.
Winter Commencing in December freighters' teams leave the H. B. Co's stores at Athabasca Landing every few days. Passenger transportation can be arranged with freighters at from $10.00 to $20.00. Freights rate $2.50 per cwt.
Lesser Slave Lake to Peace River Landing
(About 80 miles)
Freighter's teams leave early nearly every day. Passenger transportation over this stretch can be arranged for with the freighters at from $8.00 to $20.00 according to the mode of travel. Freight rate $2.00 per cwt.
Peace River Landing to Dunvegan
(About 75 miles)
Summer H. B. Co.'s steamer leaves landing about 8th of June, 12 July, and 16th August. Passenger fare $10.00 Freight rate $1.00 per cwt. Here there is no regular means of transport other than the above, but teams can be procured at the landing at all times and travel over a fairly good road. The Spirit River and Grand Prairie Settlement south from Dunvegan can be reached winter and summer by means of transport teams, over a fairly satisfactory trail.
The Peace River country has been reached at different tims by other routes during the summer as well as the winter season, but at the present time the route outlined above is the only reasonbly satisfactory one, from one point or another of which all points of settlement in the Peace River District may be reached.
Page 17 of 96
Tete Jaune Cache Route:
Tete Jaune Cache may be reached from Kamloops by the following route:
Kamloops to Little Fort (waggon-road or steamboat) 60 Miles
Little Fort to Clearwater (waggon-road) 20 Miles
After leaving Clearwater the journey is made by trail, the distances from Kamloops being:
*Raft River 80 miles, good trail, usually forded
*Peavine 87 miles, good trail, grassy country
*Allingham's Ranch 95 Miles high bench, open country
Mad River 103 Miles good trail, bridge
*Round Prairie 109 Miles good trail, small meadow
Wire Cache 115 Miles good trail, thick timber
*Stillwater Flats 116 Miles, trail brushy, some sloughs
*Cottonwood Camp 126 Miles, brushy, with meadows
Little Salmon River 129 Miles, brushy, easy ford
Lone Grave 131 Miles, trail leaves the flats
*Dorr's Meadow 133 Miles, trail hilly
Hell Gate 135 1/2 Mile, trail hilly and burnt
*Sunday Camp 142 1/2 Miles, some rocky slides
*Goose Camp 150 Miles, some slough and soft spots
Blue River 152 1/2 Miles descent steep hill, ford
*Blue River and Meadows 154 1/2 Miles, soft, large meadows
*Beaver Camp 155 1/2 Miles, trail good, meadows
Thunder River 162 1/2 Miles, heavily wooded, ford
*High Bank 166 1/2 Miles, trail bushy, fairly good
*Apparrjo Camp 183 1/2 Miles, rough, boggy and woods
Cut Bank 186 Miles, trail damaged
Second Crossing, N. Thompson River 188 Miles, forded at low water only; feed one mile further on
Crossing of Albreda 195 Miles, trail boggy, ford river
*Summit Camp 204 Miles, trail good, low pass
*Beaver Camp 207 Miles, trail good, low pass
*Canoe River Crossing, 220 Miles, fordable at certain times
*Starvation Camp, 228 Miles, good trail, open valley
*Tete Jaune Cache, 236 Miles, good trail, banks of Fraser River
* At these points feed may be had for a small bank of horses
Donald Route
The following memorandum relative to the trail from Donald to Tete Jaune Cache is the "log" of a pack-train of about ten horses, the heaviest load of any one animal being 180 lbs. The packer who supplied this information considered this the most feasible and the best route into the district referred to:
Donald to Summit Lake, 18 Miles, 7 1/2 Hours
Summit Lake to Bush River, 12 Miles, 5 Hours
Bush River to Cedar River, 14 Miles, 5 Hours
Cedar River to Middle River, 16 Miles, 8 Hours
Middle River to Wood River, 28 Miles, 12 Hours
Wood River to Cripple Horse Meadows, 22 Miles, 11 Hours
Cripple Horse Meadows to Goat River, 14 Miles, 7 Hours
Goat River to Tompkin Creek, 16 Miles, 7 1/2 Hours
Tompkins Creek to the Jam, 12 Miles, 5 Hours
The Jam to Cache Creek, 14 Miles, 7 1/2 Hours
Cache Creek to Pack Saddle Meadows, 12 Miles, 6 Hours,
Pack Saddle Meadows to Tete Jaune Cache, 20 Miles, 10 Hours
198 Miles 91 1/2 Hours
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Alexander Mackenzie Voyageur Route
- Bella Coola River - Fiord Canoe Route 100km
- Nuxalk - Carrier Trail 350km
Hudson's Bay Company Trails
- Anderson's Brigade - Yale to Kamloops (1848 - 1849)
- Hope to Kamloops via Tulameen (1849 - 1865) (includes Blackye's Trail) 38km
Cariboo Wagon Road
- Harrison - Lillooet Trail (1858 - 1863) 160km
- Yale to Barkerville (1863 - ?)
Yukon Telegraph Trail
- Collins Overland Telegraph - New Westminister - Kispiox (1865 - 66)
- Yukon Telegraph - New Westminister to Yukon Border (1898 - 1930s)
Governor's Trail
- Tulameen River to Whipsaw Creek and Corral Creek via Hope Pass (1862 - 1920s) 25km
Pemberton Cattle Trail
- Burrard Inlet to Pemberton via Lynn Creek 130km
Summit City Tail
- Coquihalla River to the head of waters of Dewdney Creek
Palmer's Trail
- Fort Alexandria to Bella Coola (1862)
Cape Scott Trail
- Holberg to Cape Scott
Horne Lake Trail
- Qualicum Bay to Port Alberni 25km
Semihmoo Trail
- White Rock to New Westminister 32km
West Coast Trail
- Jordon River to Bamfield
Waddington's Bute Inlet Route
- Bute Inlet to Palmer's Trail (near Puntzi Lake)
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