The Yellow Brick Road: Northern BC LNG to Port Alberni via Washington Group lines.

Pipeline Right-of-ways come with one condition imposed by Ottawa and Victoria, Royalties, the more the better, a $$$Trillion$$$ would be perfect for the BC Liberals to fulfill their election promises of 2013 by 2024.

If the two colonies of Vancouver Island and Vancouver, having just amalgamated into British Columbia, had insisted that the agreed upon conditions of Confederation with Canada were adhered to, then there would be no need to be looking for pipeline routes from Alberta to the west coast now.

The railway line via Bute Inlet from the YellowHead and Yoho Pass would have been connected to Esquimalt as the western terminus.

Esquimalt WAS the designated terminus for CPR.   They ran out of money because they put a bid in too low.... and still received 20,000 acres either side of the right-of-way for every mile completed.

Vancouver???   Port Moody??????   not even on the map back then.  The pioneers knew the lay of the land.

If you've been wondering why the Washington Group has gone from being a bit player to a major actor on the British Columbia scene, just remember that they are now the sole owners of the old E & N railway line on Vancouver Island which WAS a condition of Confederation, and was delivered.  A line from nowhere (Na-Nai-Mo) to nowhere (Vic-Tor-Ia) carrying coal resources.

There's no guarantee that the 30 year, $8 billion, 17 vessel contract will be completed, let alone start, but a North Vancouver marine facility will, and it will be used to build a new corridor, a major highway, a rail route, and pipeline.    BC Hydro will divert before Seymour Narrows and strike south towards Gibson and then hook into the Smart Grid for Vancouver.


The Dogwood Initiative has a Post on Texada Island being the recipients of a brand new LNG fired Thermal Plant (electricity) but BC Hydro has said "NO!!!".

Page 14 of 63

The old Bute Inlet method, the one that Canadian negotiators agreed upon, so too did the Members of Parliament (MP),  but were stymied by "Wallin and Duffy"'s SENATOS who turned the deal down, and the CPR ended up in Vancouver.   The Senate shenanigans haven't changed to having open minds in over a 150 years!

BBC Post:  If Kitimat LNG tanks, will Texada Island LNG take over?  and it has

The Washington Group is going down a different path than the embattled Enbridge and Kinder-Enron-Morgan companies whereby they are trying to run roughshod over the public and private land owners.   The Coquihalla Highway also houses a Pipeline, soon to be doubled in volume (Kinder Morgan).   Enbridge, who have proved how efficient they are in creating crude oil spills and then spend more money on public relations than on the ACTUAL cleanup, have won round one with the NEB, but....  not the public.

What's to stop the Washington Group from using their Rail Right-of-Way for a pipeline, from Port Alberni to Williams Lake or bypass them and head straight up to Prince George to the heart of British Columbia?   They already own Esquimalt to Courtenay and tees off at Parksville to Port Alberni's Port, with a clear run out to the Pacific Ocean.   No Douglas Channel.  No Burrard Inlet either.

Check Mate! 

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A Bonus:  BC Ferries money losing sailings out of Port Hardy to Prince Rupert will be taken over by Private interests..... like the "interest" that has been proven in the lucrative rail trips between Vancouver  to Whistler....  which was formerly run by BC Rail.     

Second Bonus:  BC Ferries trips to Vancouver Island will shift operations to Delta and then proceed to Island hopping in the Gulf Islands and then bridging to the BIG Island.

Google Search Criteria: Yellowhead Pass to Bute Inlet Canadian Northern Railway 1903 

 

 

 

Pioneer Conservationists for the West Coast Trail and the Nitinat Triangle.

When we were younger, BC (Before Children) we heard North Vancouver Teacher Hugh Murray talking about his weekend trips - every weekend trips, to the West Coast Trail and Nitinat Lake.  Plenty of stories, with an equal amount of hardships, not just physical, but political interference too.

We almost went to Hugh's preferred trail but it wasn't the hiking that put us off, it was the part about needing a canoe to paddle Nitinat Lake....., which meant portaging, a far worse hardship that Bowron Lake circuit.

We settled for a hike into the most northern part of Vancouver Island, to Cape Scott, first in 1973, and a second time in 1976, but to San Josef Bay.  On the BC Ferries trip from Vancouver we heard from a fellow traveler that there was a circuitous day hike, with a fantastic view from a mountain top and then down to a pristine beach seen by the few.   Unexpectedly, but prepared, we ended up staying overnight, near that "pristine beach".   It was the incoming tide that cut off our retreat once we realized that EVERYONE who had preceded us had faced the same dilemma, an impass, at sea level, a rock wall that towered above us with no way around, which went a long way to explaining WHY the trail looked so well worn and the fact that there was no trail head FROM San Josef Bay, via the beach!

Cape Scott map Provincial Parks  Type in the search Box:  "San Joseph Bay"

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Sierra Club

The Nitinat Triangle is causing the B.C. forest industry concern.

 ......According to a Council of Forest Industries press release last Wednesday, "the forest land in the Nitinat Triangle is some of the most productive forest land in B .C. B.C. Forest Products holds tree farm licence No . 27, which was issued twelve years ago and 90 per cent of it lies within the proposed triangle. The licence was issued in 1958 by then minister of lands and forests Robert Sommers. Later that same year, Sommers was convicted in B.C. Supreme Court on four counts of accepting a bribe and one count of conspiracy.   - Bruce Curtis  Page 16 of 20  Ubyssey

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Tim Leadem

Hikers who enjoy these trails - and I certainly include myself within this group - owe considerable thanks to the conservationists who had the foresight and fortitude to fight to preserve the lands upon which we walk.  Humphrey Davy, Jim Hamilton, Hugh Murray, Karen McNaught, Ric Careless, John Willow and Gordy Price all engineered the West Coast Trail and the hikes around Nitinat Lake in order to promote the area and conserve it.  The Juan de Fuca Trail benefited from similar efforts from the Sierra Club members Bruce Hardy, Chris Nation, John Newcombe and Greg Darms.  The Preservation of the Camanah Valley is due largely to the hard work of the Western Canada Wilderness Committee.  A large chunk of the Walbran Valley has been saved from clear-cut logging through the combined efforts of several environmental groups, including the Carmanah Forestry Society led by Syd Haskell.  - Tim Leadem -Author - Hiking the West Coast Trail of Vancouver Island.

Humphrey Davy

Jim Hamilton

Hugh Murray   North Vancouver Teacher and introduced pinching Italian Honey bees at the Outdoor School near Squamish.

Page 17 of 20  et al in Ubyssey edition of  January 29 1971

Karen McNaught

Ric Careless


John Willow fought passionately for what he believed in, especially the environment. In 1969, he was a founding member and leader of a dedicated group of young British Columbians focused on protecting the magnificent forests and lakes of the Nitinat Triangle along the West Coast Trail on Vancouver Island. This renegade group called themselves the "Sierra Club of Western Canada" and they were successful in their campaign to gain park status for Nitinat.

Gordy Price


Juan de Fuca Trail

Bruce Hardy


Chris Nation

John Newcombe

Greg Darms

fought passionately for what he believed in, especially the environment. In 1969, he was a founding member and leader of a dedicated group of young British Columbians focused on protecting the magnificent forests and lakes of the Nitinat Triangle along the West Coast Trail on Vancouver Island. This renegade group called themselves the "Sierra Club of Western Canada" and they were successful in their campaign to gain park status for Nitinat. - See more at: http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/timescolonist/obituary.aspx?n=john-willow&pid=157949822&fhid=14845#fbLoggedOut

fought passionately for what he believed in, especially the environment. In 1969, he was a founding member and leader of a dedicated group of young British Columbians focused on protecting the magnificent forests and lakes of the Nitinat Triangle along the West Coast Trail on Vancouver Island. This renegade group called themselves the "Sierra Club of Western Canada" and they were successful in their campaign to gain park status for Nitinat. - See more at: http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/timescolonist/obituary.aspx?n=john-willow&pid=157949822&fhid=14845#fbLoggedOut

British Columbia STOP Telegram STOP Census Stats STOP 1893 STOP Indians Chinese Whites STOP

Census Telegrams

Page 2 of 2

Population British Columbia absolutely as follows: Vancouver Island  Indians, 5,325   Chinese 3,183  Whites 28,767   Mainland Indians 29,634, Chinese 5,727, Whites 26,045, total 61,406 STOP

White Majority STOP

February 26, 1893   to   April 18, 1893   Ten Telegrams


Two years previously ........

Ably reported by Patrick A. Dunae in 1998:

 "Making the 1891 Census in British Columbia"

Page 5 of 17

The census was administered by the Department of Agriculture, under the direction of the deputy minister, John Lowe.

Since a permanent census office did not exist, Lowe had to establish an enumeration bureaucracy before the count could get underway. Early in 1891 support staff were seconded from several government departments and a Census Branch, managed by George Johnson, the government's chief statistician, was created. The actual process of enumeration, however, was in the hands of a hierarchy of non-governmental officials.

The hierarchy consisted of fourteen Chief Census Officers (four each for Ontario and Quebec and one each for the other provinces and the Northwest Territories), 241 Census Commissioners (also known as County Commissioners in Eastern Canada), and approximately 4,300 enumerators.  Nearly all census-takers were political appointees, to some extent. Few were better connected than George Sargison, a 64-year-old accountant in Victoria who was appointed Chief Census Officer for British Columbia.  Sargison was married to the sister of Frank (afterwards Sir Francis) Stillman Barnard, Conservative Member of Parliament for Cariboo. He was also related by marriage to John Andrew Mara, the Conservative MP for Yale. By order-in-council, he was appointed chief census officer for a five-month period commencing January 23, 1891, with a stipend of $605 plus expenses.

Page 10 of 17

.......For the most part, the populace seems to have been relatively cooperative, although on the Mainland some enumerators found it difficult to persuade the Native people to participate. On the Naas River, Greer noted,  Every Indian wants to know what this work is for, and some even want pay for using their names.  At one village, he recorded, I had to pay the Indians here tobacco to tell me names of their children and friends who were absent hunting or picking berries.  At another, he had to placate suspicious elders who supposed our mission was to find out how many of them there were, and then the Government would do away with them to get their  land. On the northern coast, Ronald Green had difficulty enlisting Chinese cannery workers who suspected that the census had something to do with the federal government's head tax. Chinese residents in Victoria were also suspicious of the government's motives. To allay their fears and encourage their participation, Sargison hired a Chinese interpreter to accompany enumerators in Victoria's Chinese quarter. Enumerators also encountered resistance among the white merchants in Vancouver and Victoria, who balked at reporting their investments and real estate holdings. Even so, there were very few prosecutions for non-compliance in the province. ...... 

.....During the count, George Sargison was in close contact with his census commissioners, clarifying their questions and explaining procedures. He had to explain the difference between the floating population (transients) and the population afloat (people residing on fishing boats or harbour craft and passengers on visiting steamships) to the Nanaimo commissioners. He had to explain to Gosnell in Vancouver that the city's new office blocks, however grandiose, had still to be recorded as uninhabited buildings. Sargison also had to deal with a query from the census commissioner in Kamloops, who asked how prostitutes were to be recorded.

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December 20, 2013  Supreme Court of Canada's decision has struck down prostitution laws

The Supreme Court of Canada has struck down the country’s major prostitution laws, saying that bans on street soliciting, brothels and people living off the avails of prostitution create severe dangers for vulnerable women and therefore violate Canadians’ basic values. Chief Justice Beverley McLachlin, writing for a unanimous court, stressed that the ruling is not about whether prostitution should be legal or not, but about whether Parliament’s means of controlling it infringe the constitutional rights of prostitutes.

Born before 1871, and Living, in British Columbia, warranted a BC Legislature front porch Group photo: Emily Carr in 1924

The Artist

215 Pioneers, Emily Carr and her sister Elizabeth Carr, included, are in this group photo because, they were residents of British Columbia before 1871 (Photo taken in 1924).

Carr House Victoria

 Emily Carr the University (On Granville Island);

Emily Carr by Robert Genn

The Painter's Keys: The Fine Art of Finding the Spot

Important people, all, well known???, was that another criteria for this photo..... or not?

page 3 of 43 

British Columbia Pioneer ReUnion1924

 

# 136  Elizabeth Carr       # 138 Emily Carr

Siblings of Emily Carr (2021 updated link)

A work in progress of finding links to the Pioneers:

Index No.    Name
1    Moore, J. Mrs.
2    Redgrave, Mrs.
3    Fry, George
4    Duck, Wm.
5    Haines, Ernest
6    Hauck, Gus
7   
8    Hall, Phil J.
9   
10    Hibben, T. N.
11    Cameron, Jessie, Mrs.
12    Dailey, Edwin
13    Gerow, G.
14    Watson, Wm.
15    Cameron, W. G., Mrs.
16    Cameron, W. G.
17    Ella, Fred
18   
19    Nesbitt, Mrs.
20    Chadsey, George Mrs.
21    Bone, W. H.
22    Chadsey, Wm. Mrs.
23    Keith, J. Mrs.
24    Chadsey, Wm. Mrs.
25    Clark, Mrs.
26   
27   
28    Yorke, T. F.
29    Muirhead, J. Mel
30    Drake, Brian T.
31    Ashwell, John H.
32    Hamilton, Hugh
33   
34    Adams, Wm.
35    Gowen, Gus
36    Morley, Mrs.
37    Mesher, Mrs.
38    Dean, M.
39    Turgoose, Fred
40    Eastman, Sam
41    Stewart, J.
42    Wootton, E. E. (Edward)(Victoria, BC) Barrister
43    Smith, J. F. Mrs.
44    Wilson, Hugh, Mrs.
45    Renwick, Mrs.
46    McMicking, Mrs.  'Overlanders' into British Columbia
47    Dalley, Edwin, Mrs. (Page 1 of 5)
48    Vigellus, A. Victoria Alderman 1897 (Page 002)
49    Whittier, A. Mrs.
50    Christenson, Capt.
51   
52   
53    Crimp, E. Mrs.
54    Haines
55    Hiscocks, Mrs.
56    Huxtable, A. Miss (Maybe)
57    Marshall, Mrs.
58    Henderson, Dr. Mrs.
59    Webb, Horatio (1852-1936) Chilliwack's first Historian
60    Adams, F. W.
61    Langley, W. H. Major
62    Ella, Harry
63    Simpson, Mrs.
64    Meldrum, J.
65    Kent, Herbert
66    Meldrum, J. Mrs.
67   
68    Davis, Phil. Mrs.
69    Thompson, D.
70   
71    Johns, Edwin
72    Murphy, Mary, Mrs.
73    Davies, Phil
74   
75    Goepel, Wm. Mrs.
76    Jamieson, Robt.
77   
78   
79    Michael, Mrs.
80   
81    Cessford, James
82   
83    Urquhart, Alex.
84   
85    Johnson, I. Mrs.
86    Redfern, C. E.
87    Carter, Wm. D.
88    Crease, Lindley
89    Woods, Miss
90    White, E. J.
91    Pemberton, F. B.
92    Braden, John
93    Munro, Alex
94    Wilby, James
95    Murray, Wm.
96   
97    Jackman, P.
98    Dean, Max, Mrs.
99    Semple, A.
100   
101    Jay, George   Police Magistrate, Stipendiary Magistrate for the County of Victoria
102   
103   
104   
105    Franklin, W.
106    Duval, Louis
107    Duval, Mrs.
108    Pottinger, James
109    Spence, Chris., Mrs.
110   
111    Spencer, Chris.
112    DeVeulle, Mrs.
113   
114    Porter, Ja. Mrs.
115    Hubbard, T. C., Mrs.
116    Shawnigan, J. I. Smith
117    Smith, J. L., Mrs
118    Hubbard, Thos., Mrs.
119    Weiler, Otto
120    Rathom, Mrs.
121    Partridge, Frank
122   
123    Switzer, John
124    Whitfield, George
125   
126    Brown, J. G., Mrs.
127    Watson, Tom, Mrs.
128    Bowser, F., Mrs.
129    John Hall
130    Tate, C. M. Rev.
131   
132    Hastings, O., Mrs.
133    Bate, Mark
134    Robertson, T., Miss
135   
136    Carr, Elizabeth, Miss
137    Brown, Mrs. (Pioneer St., N. Park St.)
138    Carr, Emily, Miss
139    Dassonville, J.
140    Alexander, Tom
141    Argyle, Albert
142    McKenzie, Alex.
143   
144   
145    Boyce, A. C., Mrs.
146    Harvey, George
147    Chas. Weiler
148    Hearns, Henry
149   
150    Monk, Mrs.
151    Walter Chambers
152    Schubert, James
153    Urguhart, Alex, Mrs.
154    Heale, Harry, Mrs.
155    Michell, S. T.
156    Fawcett, Annie, Miss
157    Claudet, F. G.
158    Wilby, Wm.
159    Bland, Robert
160    Carter, Geo. P.
161    Evans
162    Cruikshanks, George
163   
164    Finnerty, Michael
165    Maynard, A. H.
166    Pemberton, C. C.
167    Bushby, George
168    Helmcken, J. D. Mrs.
169    Hautier, Alphonse
170    Harris, Dennis, Mrs.
171    Higgins, w. Mrs.
172    Smith, A. Mrs.
173    Smith, J., (Royal Oak)
174    Peers, Brenda, Miss
175    Porter, James
176    Anderson, Mrs.
177    McKenzie, Mrs.
178    Bissett, Mrs.
179    McCurdy, Mrs.
180    Lombard, Charles
181    Dinsley, Mrs.
182    Teague, John
183    Borde, H.
184    Irving, John, Capt.
185    Wall, Edward
186    Carne, Fred
187    Butler, R. Mrs.
188    Williams, R. T.
189   
190   
191   
192    Moore, John
193    Johnson, Mrs.
194    Homes, Mrs.
195    Richardson, Mrs.
196    Townsend, Mrs.
197    Lyall, Mrs.
198    Wale, Billy
199    Anderson, J. R.
200    McLaren, F. M. Mrs.
201    Martin, G. B.
202    Smith, Phil
203    Carson, C. Mrs.
204    Allison, Susan L. Mrs.
205    Hood, Emma, Mrs.
206    Irving, P. Ae. Mrs.
207    Heyland, Mrs.
208    Crogan, Aurthur, Mrs.
209    Wriglesworth, Joe
210    Humphries, T. B. Mrs.
211    Courtenay, Mrs.
212    Keith, Mrs.
213    Finlayson, Mrs.
214   
215   

There are a few in the list who are directly related to residents (land owners) in Victoria and Esquimalt via the HBC and PSAC employees. circa 1850s

BC Archives Time Machine

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THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF LETTERS (honoris causa)
STATEMENT BY PRESIDENT N.A.M. MacKENZIE AT CONGREGATION, MAY 10th, 1945.

EMILY CARR

We had hoped today to acknowledge the honour which has been brought to our province by one of her most notable children; for the Senate had proposed to confer the degree of Doctor of Letters on Emily Carr, whose pictures and books have made British Columbia famous in the world of art. It is good to know that the Senate’s invitation gave pleasure to Miss Carr and that she would have accepted it. We mourn her untimely death; but we are proud to enroll her name on the records of the University as of one belonging to its fellowship.
  

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2022-05-05 Update

 Postal History Corner

Canadian Postal and Philatelic History

The Kootenay Star's Last Post March 31, 1894 Obit. Sun Media's too soon to call?

Burt R. Campbell 

 

The final issue of The Kootenay Star, which had been published at Revelstoke since the summer of 1889, appeared on March 31, 1894, and contained the following (Page 4 of 134) poetic obituary:

THE STAR’S FAREWELL BY “THE DEVIL”

I am leaving with the snow; I am going “out of sight“;
My twinklings you will never see again;
I am very glad to quit this uncongenial sphere
On which my bright effulgence shone in vain.

‘Twas difficult to please more than one or two each week,
For each reader had an idea of his own
On every topic ‘neath the sun, how a paper should be run,
And scrupled not to let the same be known.

I’ve been criticized and cuss’d; I’ve been victimized and wuss—
I’ve been starved and neglected and unloved.
Without a dollar or a cent, all my debts paid but the rent,
In the journalistic boneyard I am shoved.

This is my last farewell; but I’m not going to h___,
As some of my dear friends have wished of yore,
So I’ll bid you all adieu; I’ll just leave you “in the stew!”
As a Star I’ll never twinkle any more

I am nothing loth to go, to give the Mail a show;
But I wish to make this sole and last request—
Vouchsafe to my successor what you would not give to me—
A living—in this wild and woolly west.


This somewhat graceful bow of retirement announced the commencement  of The Kootenay Mail, which entered the field on April 14, 1894, as a four-page home-print product.

Google Search Criteria Web: The Kootenay Star 1894

Google Search Criteria Image:  The Kootenay Star 1894

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Sun Media

December 8th, 2013

'Cost containment' continues at parent company Quebecor Media

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BC's Prohibition Act didn't pass muster in 1917; Women's Sufferage vote did, on April 5th, 1917

1917, World War One was in full swing, all the able young men, all the able young women (nurses) were overseas when along came British Columbia's Premier Harlan Cary Brewster (Liberal, November 23, 1916 - March 1, 1918 with his Prohibition Act (which failed to pass muster), a By-Election and Women's Right to vote (passed), approved by ..... men.  The Prohibition Vote results were not what the BC Government expected; the disappointed Premier appointed a Royal Commission to go to France to discover if the votes cast were valid.   SCANDAL

Liberal leader Harlan C. Brewster, who was in favour of both prohibition and ending patronage in government, won the election.  The electorate voted 51 892 for and 24 606 against women’s suffrage, rewarding women for the work they had done on the home front during the war.   Prohibition was defeated, however, because of the votes of B.C. soldiers overseas. Brewster commissioned an inquiry, which revealed massive electoral fraud, particularly by officers in the army, and cast suspicion on McBride who, as the new Agent-General in London, had overseen the voting process.   Over half of the soldiers’ votes were disallowed, and Prohibition came into effect. - A City Goes to War

SFXU

2013 Questions: Was it only Canadian soldiers voting more than once in such an unscrupulous manner on their sure to be death beds?  or Officers final manipulations?  One last defiant  gesture?  The Finger salute?   A message dispatched to the safe and secure politicians in BC and Canada?   A new beginning, after leaving the battlefield horrors behind, a dream of clearing trees and stumps, to till the land to produce Raspberry and Strawberry crops in the first years back.  A means of not drinking away the memories of a war that took away friends,    and lost limbs.

Was the Overseas Votes tainted by the sergeants who collected the dog tags,  and saw an opportunity, an "escape route" once the Great War was over?

Were Overseas voting results typical of other nations' soldiers on the fields of France?  To have their votes contested, then smeared, by politicians?


Royal Commissions  1870  to  1979    Go for 1917 (Seven all told)(busy year for Corruption)


Notable acts during the Great War:

1916	Life of Legislative Assembly extended to 5 years (SBC 1916 c.14). Clergy no longer prohibited from running and sitting as MLAs (SBC 1916 c.14).
1917	Franchise extended to women (SBC 1917 c.23).
1918	First woman to run (and be elected) – Mary Ellen Smith – in Vancouver by-election held 24 January 1918. First time women voted in provincial election.

Categories of Citizens Ineligible to Vote, 1867–1885 (Women not mentioned)(Ineligible)

British Columbia   

Any person of Indian origin.
Any immigrant of Chinese origin.
Any person holding one of the following positions:
    employee of the customs department
    employee of the federal government responsible for collecting excise duties
    judge of the Supreme Court or a county court
    stipendiary magistrate
    police constable or police officer
Any employee of the federal government paid an annual salary (except postal employees).
Any employee of the provincial government paid an annual salary.
Any teacher paid by the government of the province.
Any person previously found guilty of treason, serious crimes or other offences, unless he had been pardoned or served his sentence.

 British Columbia approved women's suffrage on 5 April 1917

Prohibition

Alcohol was prohibited in British Columbia for about four years, from 1917 to 1921. A referendum in 1916 asked BC citizens whether they approved of making alcohol illegal (the other question was whether women had the right to vote). The contested results rejecting prohibition led to a major political scandal that subsequently saw the referendum being overturned and alcohol prohibited.  - Wikipedia  

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1917 Royal Commission Report on Overseas Vote BC Prohibition Act

One overlying fact, soldiers were led to believe that they were voting on TWO items.  Prohibition and a By-Election.    Women's right to vote, not mentioned in the Report.

Ancestry buffs might be interested in this Royal Commission because it lists off "dog tags",  names, place of birth, home town (residence) places, Battalions, and places of recuperation (in England). 

Prohibition Party Scrutineer Evidence:  Mr. W. D. Baley, the agent acting on behalf of the Party, noted that the presiding Officers ignored Clause 3 of the Order in Council of 24th August, 1916 to take the vote in certain parts of England and France:

All scrutineers and deputy scrutineers present at the time any poll is closed and the receptacles prepared to be forwarded to the Deputy Provincial Secretary or Agent-General , as the case may be, shall be allowed to place their own private seals upon the receptacles, in addition to the seal of the Presiding Officer or Deputy President Officer.

Receptacles? Sealed Ballot Boxes,  unheard of on the War Front, envelops were the norm.

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BC Legislature Report:

Your Commissioners arrived at London on the 12th day of June, 1917, and after publication of a notice of their first meeting in three Issues of the London Times newspaper, pursuant to subsection (2) of section 6 of the said Act, your Commissioners held their first session at British Columbia House, Nos. 1 and 2, Regent Street; London, on Monday, the 18th day of June, 1917.

  .... card-indexes were sorted out in alphabetical order, It became apparent that many soldiers had voted, or were were made to appear as having voted, two, three, or four times, and these duplicate, triplicate, and quadruplicate votes were made the subject of special investigations by Mr. Helmore. "Certain cards out of those prepared by Mr. Helmore were selected by your Commissioners for comparison with the original military records, and these cards were in every case found to bear out the conclusions arrived at by Mr. Helmore.  The evidence taken at the Military Records Office will be found in the stenographer's report of the fourth day's proceedings of the Commission.   For convenience, however, we refer to one or two examples of what appeared to be fraudulent voting.

William Brillat, No. 155063;  Brillat is supposed to have voted at the Crowborough on the 22nd of December, 1916, whereas the military records show that Brillat deserted on the 16th of September.

 Oscar Ewart Hawes, No. 487388 was killed in action on the 8th October, 1916


Arthur Bacon, No. 429173; the military record showed No. 429173 to belong to Albert Alfred Bacon.   In the one case the residence of A. A. Bacon is given at Vancouver and that of Arthur Bacon at Victoria.   Captain Sellon produced the military record of Albert Alfred Bacon, No. 429173, which showed that this man went to France on February 3rd, 1916.

Henderson's Vancouver Directory (Names) A.E. Bacon, conductor, B. C. E. Railway

Alfred John Knight; it appears that four votes had been cast in this man's name, and in each case the number is given as 707244; the records show Alfred John Knight, No. 707245, 103rd Battalion;  In each case the votes were cast at Epsom Convalescent Hospital, three times under the name of Lonorgan, Presiding Officer , and once under the name of H. A. Douglas as Presiding Officer.  The correct number of Alfred John Knight was 707245

Witnesses:

Pte. Carl Henry, No. 154254, Canadian Army Medical Corps (C.A.M.C.)

He stated his residence to be Vancouver, B.C., and that he had voted twice.  He understood one was an election and one was a by-election.  He was not positive whether he had voted on Prohibition the first time but was definite  as to voting on Prohibition the second time, at what he believed to be a by-election.

Pte. Leith Gordon; No. 22058, of Winnipeg, Manitoba

Sergt.-Major George Parker Cruikshank, No. 54014,

Sergt. John Beauchamp Daly, No. 432441,

Pte. Cecil Everard William Reginald Durden, No. 147890; 78th Battalion, Winnipeg,

Sergt. Lee Bernard Cogan, No. 6B16, stated that his residence was Detroit, Michigan

Pte, Edgar Field, 8th Battalion, No. 45, gave his residence as Winnipeg, Man

Sergt. Cecil A. Hamilton, No. 13106, 5th Battalion, gave his residence as Saskatchewan

Corporal  Frank Taylor Harrop, No, 108274, No. 1146,Yuill Street, Medicine Hat, Manitoba

Pte. Vivian Potter, Battleford, Saskatchewan

Sergt. William Henry Bradley, No. 13081, 5th Battalion

Corporal Ralph Percy, Biggs, No. ,12968, 5th Battalion

Pte. Samuel Egginton Hodgkins, No. 464666, Manitoba Hotel, Yates, Street, Victoria

Major Pringle, Senior Chaplin at Shoreham Camp

Corporal William Harrison Welsh, No. 703426, l02nd Battalion, Vancouver, B.C.  He left  Irmstone  Hospital at Eastbourne on the 30th day of December, 1916

Lance-Corporal' James Owen, No. 75543, 29th Battalion; residence Mount Lehman, BC

Pte. Henry Ashdown, No. 706108, 103rd Battalion, residence 950 North Park Street, Victoria

Corporal Harold J. Cowherd, No. 706880, 103rd Battalion, residence Victoria

Pte. Arthur Leadbetter, No. 706995, 103rd Battalion, 1211 Pembroke Street, Victoria

Lieut. Alexander Duncan McRae, Of the 27th Battalion, France  acted as scrutineer at Sheffield, Buxton, and Manchester in November and December, 1916, at polls....

Sergt. H. A. Douglas at the various hospitals in the northern half of England, including Sheffield
and Buxton, contained no ballots marked in favour of Prohibition.

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 "Had She oones Wett Hyr Whystyll She couth Syng full clere Hyr pater noster."